For those wondering when artificial intelligence will start replacing human workers, the answer is that it already has. As AI-powered tools like ChatGPT and Google Bard become workplace staples and businesses are forced to be more mindful of their bottom lines, automating labor has become a logical course of action for many.
Whether CEOs decide to boast about their decision on social media (we’re looking at you Duukan) or mask the changes under layoffs and company restructures, we highlight the companies that have already ditched workers for AI, as well as some that are planning to follow suit in coming years.
Read on to find out which companies are swapping humans for AI, and to learn more about one of the biggest labor market disruptions to date.
For Some Workers, The AI Takeover Is Already Here
While CEOs have been utilizing AI for some time, the dawn of tools like ChatGPT has made it easier than ever for companies to speed up manual processes, and even automate certain types of knowledge work. In fact, a recent study found that half of CEOs believe they may replace jobs with AI, with the figure rising for C-suite executives.
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For many companies, utilizing AI is a no-brainer. Not only can it be a major cost saver at a time when rising inflation rates put further pressure on bottom lines, but it can also significantly boost productivity. This is demonstrated in our annual workplace report, which found the most productive companies are those that use artificial intelligence extensively.
The result of this adoption? Widespread job insecurity. While it is true most companies are planning to augment human tasks rather than replace them altogether, the actions some companies are taking are confirming commonly held fears about the direction of the employment landscape.
Understandably, most companies don’t want to gain a reputation for replacing workers with AI. So if you’re curious about which businesses are automating labor, read our summary below:
10 Companies That Have (or Probably Have) Replaced Workers With AI
While many companies have vowed to safeguard their human workforce, lots have other ideas. Here are nine companies that have already replaced workers for AI.
1. MSN
US web portal and creators of the Frutiger Aero messaging platform, MSN, decided to ditch workers for AI earlier than lots of other companies on this list. In 2020, MSN sacked dozens of journalists responsible for writing news stories displayed on the company’s homepage and has since been using AI software to create the content. According to the media company that employed the staff, PA Media, these actions were in response to financial difficulties the firm was facing, but weren’t a result of the pandemic.
2. Google
Google kicked off 2024 by announcing not one, but two rounds of layoffs. Google CEO Sundar Pichai didn’t explicitly announce these jobs would be replaced with AI technology outright. However, the job-cutting spree, which largely affected workers from the company ad division, coincided with a heavy deployment of AI across customer care and ad sales processes, as well as a company-wide effort to use the tech to improve “operational efficiency”.
3. Dukaan
Unlike Google, Bangalore-based ecommerce company Dukaan took a less subtle approach to AI job replacements. In July 2023, company CEO Summit Shah replaced 90% of customer support staff with a chatbot that was developed in-house, before bragging about the decision on social media platform X. In the post, Shah defended the actions as “tough but necessary”, as the chatbot helped the company cut the cost of its customer support function by 85%, and drastically reduce customer wait times.
4. Ikea
In June 2023, the beloved Swedish furniture retailer Ikea announced that it would be phasing out call center work and using an AI bot called Billie to answer queries instead. However, unlike most companies on this list, Ikea is planning to upskill affected employees and has already begun training thousands of call center workers to become interior design advisors.
Instead of using AI to the detriment of workers, global people manager at Ingka Group Ulrika Biesert believes its use will actually lead to the creation of new jobs at Ikea, while opening up development opportunities for existing workers.
5. BlueFocus
Last April, Chinese marketing agency BlueFocus decided to end the contracts of its human content writers and designers “fully and indefinitely”, in favor of generative AI. While BlueFocus didn’t state publically that it would be using AI to replace staff, the action was taken just two days after the company was granted Microsoft’s Azure OpenAI service license, and just a month after they partnered with Baidu ERNIE Bot to build a full-scale AI marketing service system, leading many spectators to put two and two together.
6. Salesforce
In 2024, US software company Salesforce fired 700 workers – equivalent to approximately 1% of its global workforce. This is in addition to similar cuts that saw the company reduce its personnel by 10% last year. Similarly to Google, Salesforce didn’t announce that these job losses were directly linked to AI. But with Salesforce’s hiring budget decreasing as it pumps more money into artificial intelligence, some argue that it’s likely that many of these vacancies will be filled by automated labor.
7. Duolingo
In January 2024, gamified language learning app Duolingo announced it would be offboarding off 10% of its contractor workforce, as the company pivoted to AI to translate content. Since these workers weren’t permanent employees, no worker was officially laid off as part of this process. However, a spokesperson from Duolingo explained that part of their decision to terminate these contracts could be “attributed to AI”, sending a very clear signal that the company is happy to switch out human labor for AI.
8. Turnitin
Turnitin is an AI detection platform, so if you thought working with AI might be a safe career prospect, think again. In 2023, Turnitin CEO, Chris Caren, stated that the company would be looking to reduce headcount, during a discussion about AI in the workplace. Caren’s vision was that future employees could be hired out of high school rather than needing multiple years experience, and that the increase in AI efficiency would also reduce the total headcount needed. At the end of 2023, Turnitin laid off 15 people.
It’s a small impact on a company with 900 employees, but Caren’s original vision was that in 18 months he would be able to reduce the company’s headcount by 20%, meaning those larger redundancies could still be happening.
9. Klarna
Unlike some of the other companies on this list, Klarna is shouting loud and proud about replacing workers with AI. The company announced this year that it had employed AI tech that it says can do the job of 700 customer service workers. However, Klarna isn’t technically cutting jobs, as its argument is that it outsources its customer service roles to agencies – therefore, Klarna employees are safe from AI. For now.
10. Best Buy
In 2023, Best Buy made a significant number of job cuts, as part of a wider restructuring plan to “stabilize the company after months of declining sales,” as well as to “make sure we are providing the optimal experience for customers where they want to shop.” Shortly after the announcement about layoffs, it announced a new AI venture, created in collaboration with Google Cloud and Accenture.
Companies That Are Planning to Replace Workers With AI
For many companies, automating labor is a long game. Here are some businesses that are planning to replace workers with AI in the future, but are yet to hand out any pink slips.
Department of Government Efficiency
It’s not secret that Elon Musk’s Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) is looking to drastically lower the headcount of government employees, kicking off 2025 by offering buyouts of federal employees as well as closing thousands of roles. To replace them, it seems Musk may be turning to AI. DOGE has already been accused of feedings copious amounts of sensitive data into AI platforms to find potential cuts, and there have also been suggestions it is developing it’s own AI chatbot.
With tens of thousands of federal roles potentially being scrapped by Musk’s DOGE, AI is likely to be its solution.
IBM
Tech giant IBM plans to gradually replace around 30% of its back-office roles with artificial intelligence within the next five years, equating to around 7,800 positions overall. The firm has already slowed or stopped hiring for certain clerical positions, like those working in human resources.
But clerical positions aren’t the only roles at risk. IMBs CEO Arvind Krishna explained that he’s also interested in replacing roles that require more complex functions like evaluating workforce composition and productivity within the next 10 years.
BT
British telecommunications company BT plans to cut around 55,000 jobs by the end of the decade and replace around 10,000 of these roles with artificial intelligence. Chief executive Philip Jansen explains that the company is set to be a huge beneficiary of AI going forward, as it gears up to streamline its customer service operations with the technology. Not all customer service roles will become automated, however, with Jansen reassuring customers BT won’t be in a situation “where people feel like they’re dealing with robots.”
Various Wall Street banks
Reportedly, executives from the likes of Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, and other major banks are exploring replacing entry-level work, such as presentation assembly, data inputting, and more, with AI tools. Often heralded as a right of passage for young graduates in investment banking, much of this white-collar work could be automated, potentially saving millions of dollars.
